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S100A9 is a small (13 kD) cytosolic calcium-binding protein. The protein is mainly expressed in neutrophils and monocytes in human but can also be expressed in other cell types under inflammatory conditions. S100A9 is normally co-expressed with S100A8 and forms S100A8/S100A9 heterodimers. Previous publications had suggested that S100A9 could be expressed without S100A8 in certain conditions. Vario
Braided convolutional codes (BCCs) are a type of parallel-concatenated convolutional code in which the parity outputs of one component encoder are fed back and used as inputs to the other component encoder at the succeeding time unit. In this paper, we review the published results on BCCs that have appeared in the literature over the past ten years and present a unified view of BCCs in the context
In this paper, we study the block error rate (BLER) performance of spatially coupled low-density parity-check (SC- LDPC) codes using a sliding window decoder suited for streaming applications. Previous studies of SC-LDPC have focused on the bit error rate (BER) performance or the frame error rate (FER) performance over the entire length of the code. Here, we consider protograph-based constructions
Gender and Political Culture in Early Modern Europe investigates the gendered nature of political culture across early modern Europe by exploring the relationship between gender, power, and political authority and influence. This collection offers a rethinking of what constituted ‘politics’ and a reconsideration of how men and women operated as part of political culture. It demonstrates how underl
We study the problem of efficiently correcting an erroneous product of two n×nn×n matrices over a ring. Among other things, we provide a randomized algorithm for correcting a matrix product with at most k erroneous entries running in O~(n2+kn)O~(n2+kn) time and a deterministic O~(kn2)O~(kn2)-time algorithm for this problem (where the notation O~O~suppresses polylogarithmic terms in n and k).
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy with a significant heritable basis. Genome-wide association studies have transformed our understanding of MM predisposition, but individual studies have had limited power to discover risk loci. Here we perform a meta-analysis of these GWAS, add a new GWAS and perform replication analyses resulting in 9,866 cases and 239,188 controls. We confirm all
Knowledge on the influence of methods on research outcomes is scarce within experience studies. In this study, GPS devices were compared to smartphones to collect experience data in theme parks. Departing from the relevance of epistemology, it was assumed that the choice of method influences the results. We show that data collection modalities themselves influence empirical results when it comes tKnowledge on the influence of methods on research outcomes is scarce within experience studies. In this study, GPS devices were compared to smartphones to collect experience data in theme parks. Departing from the relevance of epistemology, it was assumed that the choice of method influences the results. We show that data collection modalities themselves influence empirical results when it comes t
Research on tourist mobility in combination with the tourists’ experiences has been rare to date. Previous studies focusing on the activities of tourists in time and space have most often used the method of time–space diaries. However, an important flaw in this method is that these recordings depend on the respondents’ personal observations and notes. This disadvantage is avoided by using Global P
Monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) are developmentally related regulators of the immune system that share the monocyte-macrophage DC progenitor (MDP) as a common precursor. Unlike differentiation into DCs, the distal pathways for differentiation into monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages are not fully elucidated. We have now demonstrated the existence of a clonogenic, monocyte-
Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is a process whose mechanistic underpinnings are only beginning to emerge. Here, we applied in-depth quantitative proteomics to monitor proteome changes during the course of reprogramming of fibroblasts to iPSCs. We uncover a two-step resetting of the proteome during the first and last 3 days of reprogramming, with multiple functionally related
Regenerative tissues such as the skin epidermis, the intestinal mucosa or the hematopoietic system are organized in a hierarchical manner with stem cells building the top of this hierarchy. Somatic stem cells harbor the highest self-renewal activity and generate a series of multipotent progenitors which differentiate into lineage committed progenitors and subsequently mature cells. In this report,
A complex interplay between the microbiota and the host immune system is evidenced to shape the immune system throughout life, but little is known about the microbial effect on key players of the adaptive immune system, the B2 B cells. In the presented study, we have evaluated the effect of commensal bacteria on B cell ontogeny and function, with the focus on B2 B cells of spleen and Peyer's patch
Postnatal intestinal development is a very dynamic process characterized by substantial morphological changes that coincide with functional adaption to the nutritional change from a diet rich in fat (milk) to a diet rich in carbohydrates on from weaning. Time-resolved studies of intestinal development have so far been limited to investigation at the transcription level or to single or few proteins
