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This paper presents a new τ-lepton reconstruction and identification procedure at the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider, which leads to significantly improved performance in the case of physics processes where a highly boosted pair of τ-leptons is produced and one τ-lepton decays into a muon and two neutrinos (τμ), and the other decays into hadrons and one neutrino (τhad). By removing th
The pT-differential cross section of ω meson production in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV at midrapidity (|y| < 0.5) was measured with the ALICE detector at the LHC, covering an unprecedented transverse-momentum range of 1.6 < pT< 50 GeV/c. The meson is reconstructed via the ω → π+π−π0 decay channel. The results are compared with various theoretical calculations: PYTHIA8.2 with the Monash 2013 tune o
This study is part of a North West Europe (NWE) Interreg project called NWE-REGENERATIS that aims at the regeneration of past metallurgic sites and deposits through innovative circularity for raw materials. A novel geophysical methodology is developed to allow a 2D or 3D characterization of the recoverable metallic particles in terms of volume, type and grain sizes. We propose to integrate multi-m
Transplantation of human fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue in individuals with Parkinson's disease has yielded clinical benefits but also side effects, such as graft-induced dyskinesias. The open-label TransEuro trial ( NCT01898390 ) was designed to determine whether this approach could be further developed into a clinically useful treatment. Owing to poor availability of human fetal ventral mese
The Lund jet plane (LJP) is measured for the first time in tt¯ events, using 140 fb-1 of s=13 TeV pp collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The LJP is a two-dimensional observable of the sub-structure of hadronic jets that acts as a proxy for the kinematics of parton showers and hadron formation. The observable is constructed from charged particles and is measured for R=1.0 a
The production of neuroepithelial stem (NES) cells, a promising therapeutic candidate for neurological conditions such as stroke and spinal cord injuries, faces significant manufacturing challenges, particularly in quality control (QC). Specifically, current QC methods rely on labor-intensive manual assessments that are costly, time-consuming, and subject to operator bias, limiting scalability and
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is synthesized by cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in the arachidonic acid pathway. PGE2 promotes cancer initiation and progression while facilitating chronic inflammation and immunosuppression, partly through regulation of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages. PGE2 also modulates Hippo signaling, enhancing nuclear Yes-associated protein
A search for the production of top-quark pairs with the same electric charge (tt or tt¯) is presented. The analysis uses proton-proton collision data at s = 13 TeV, recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1. Events with two same-charge leptons and at least two b-tagged jets are selected. Neural networks are employed to define
Collective action problems emerge when individual incentives and group interests are misaligned, as in the case of climate change. Individuals involved in these problems are generally considered to have two options: contribute toward public solutions such as global warming mitigation or free ride. However, many collective action problems today involve a third option of investing in a “private solu
The paper reviews current trends and future directions for diagnostics and therapy with ionizing radiation. Recent advances in medical physics applied to radiation therapy, diagnostic radiology, nuclear medicine, MRI, and radiation safety are summarized. Today, much of the development is concentrated on providing conditions for individualized diagnostics and therapy for the patient, which requires
Spectrum arguments are purported to show that the betterness relation is not a transitive relation. This is a drastic conclusion since much normative theorizing and everyday reasoning assume that betterness is transitive. In order to avoid this conclusion, many reject a plausible view on trade-offs between quality and quantity. The rejection can take the form of a radical or a conservative rejecti
Ett radioaktivt nedfall efter ett kärnkraftshaveri kan resultera i kontamination av stora landområden. I syfte att skydda människors hälsa mot joniserande strålning kan storskalig sanering vara nödvändig. Sverige saknar nationell erfarenhet av denna typ av storskalig sanering. Det finns därmed stora osäkerheter i verkan av en sådan sanering som bl.a. är beroende av de enskilda saneringsåtgärdernas
Gaining insight into structural and compositional transformations occurring at the electrode/electrolyte interface during the operation of electrochemical systems is fundamental to understanding and, thus, optimizing their performance. Such an analysis must be performed in operando conditions, owing to the potential, electrolyte and time dependence of these transformations. Here, the use of X-ray
The femtoscopic study of pairs of identical pions is particularly suited to investigate the effective source function of particle emission, due to the resulting Bose–Einstein correlation signal. In small collision systems at the LHC, pp in particular, the majority of the pions are produced in resonance decays, which significantly affect the profile and size of the source. In this work, we explicit
Hirshfeld atom refinement (HAR) provides a more realistic interpretation of crystallographic data than the standard independent atom model (IAM) by using aspherical atomic form factors derived from quantum mechanical (QM) calculations. With this aspherical description, it is possible to obtain improved atomic positions, atomic displacement parameters and correct bond lengths even for hydrogen atom
This article presents a search for a heavy charged Higgs boson produced in association with a top quark and a bottom quark, and decaying into a W boson and a 125 GeV Higgs boson h. The search is performed in final states with one charged lepton, missing transverse momentum, and jets using proton-proton collision data at s = 13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector during Run 2 of the LHC at CERN. T
