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The prevalence and titre of epitope-specific autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) in 155 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) and 9 GAD65 antibody (Ab)-positive healthy children were determined using four GAD65/67 chimaeric molecules which discriminate among the N-terminal (N), middle (M) and C-terminal (C) epitopes of GAD65. Radioligand binding assays for IgG Ab used immunoprecipita

Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) enzymes catalyse the formation of gamma-aminobuturic acid (GABA), which is a major transmittor in the central nervous system but also exerts functions in peripheral organs. Recent molecular analyses have revealed surprising new roles for the GAD isoforms in human diseases of autoimmune character including neurological disorders and insulin-dependent diabetes. In t

It was recently reported that antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADAb) have a high positive predictive value for insulin-dependency in non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients. We studied 289 patients classified at onset as having NIDDM. Patients positive for GAD65Ab had a disease onset at a younger age, lower body mass index (BMI) and lower serum C-peptide concentration, and

Many flying animals, like birds feeding their young, make commuting flights between a central place and foraging areas in the surroundings. Such central place foraging (CPF) represents a special case of foraging theory. We use simple geometry and trigonometry to analyse CPF flight performance (a round-trip cycle of outward flight from the central place and inward flight back along the reverse trac

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety profile of orally administered low-dose ketamine for procedural pain management in pediatric cancer patients undergoing lumbar puncture (LP) in a resource-limited hospital setting. Methods: Patients between 4 and 15 years of age, with leukemia, undergoing LP were asked to participate. The study was designed as a t

The development of formulation concepts for improved skin tissue oxygenation, including methods for measuring oxygen (O2) transport across biological barriers, are important research topics with respect to all processes that are affected by the O2 concentration, such as radiation therapy in oncology treatments, wound healing, and the general health status of skin. In this work we approach this top

AIM: To study to what extent tumor-specific treatment (chemo- or radiotherapy) was given during the last 30 days in life and to examine how many of the patients were referred to a specialized palliative care unit (PCU), at a low-resource governmental hospital in India.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Medical records of adult cancer patients deceased between April 1 and May 31 in 2016, and pediatric cancer pa

Study aims: To prospectively assess the diagnostic accuracy of a pelvic sentinel lymph node (SLN) algorithm in high-risk endometrial cancer (HREC). Patients and methods: Consecutive women with presumed FIGO stage I-II HREC underwent robotic surgery at two academic centres by five accredited surgeons. An anatomically based algorithm was adhered to, following cervical injection of indocyanine green

BACKGROUND: The progression of tumor growth requires the recruitment of new blood vessels. It has been suggested that the degree of neovascularization would correlate with clinical prognosis. The purpose of the present study was to ascertain whether tumor vascularization correlated with clinical outcome in cases of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN).METHODS: In tumor biop

Prognostic factors and treatment results were analysed in 72 consecutive patients with primary gastric lymphoma treated between 1970 and 1985. There were 37 patients in stage IE, 17 in IIE, 3 in IIES and 15 in stage IV. Histopathological re-evaluation and classification according to the TNM system were performed. We found that disseminated disease (stage IV), serosal penetration (T3), involvement

A significantly increased frequency of chromosomal aberrations was found in lymphocytes from eight psoriatic patients previously treated with arsenic than in lymphocytes from eight psoriatics with no such previous treatment. In most patients the arsenic therapy was discontinued more than 15 years ago. In the arsenic-treated group a statistically significant heterogeneity was found with respect to

Drug-resistant neuroblastoma remains a major challenge in paediatric oncology and novel and less toxic therapeutic approaches are urgently needed to improve survival and reduce the side effects of traditional therapeutic interventions. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive candidate for cell and gene therapy since they are recruited by and able to infiltrate tumours. This feature has bee