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Immaterialrätten använder sig av fiktiva figurer antingen uttryckligen eller indirekt för att skapa objektiva bedömningar på respektive immaterialrättsliga område. Uppsatsen riktar in sig på vilken funktion de fiktiva figurerna genomsnittskonsumenten inom varumärkesrätten och den kunnige användaren inom mönsterrätten har vid bedömning av skyddsförutsättningarna och intrång. Med betoning på rättsprIntellectual property use the fictional persons either direct or indirect to create objetive judgments in legal protection requirements and infringement in all areas of intellectual property law. This thesis examines on the function of the fictional persons, the average consumer in trademark law and the informed user in design protection law, to assessing the conditions for protection and in the e

The Stochastic Alpha Beta Rho (SABR) stochastic volatility model is widely used to price European options, but the lack of an exact closed-form solution leaves practitioners choosing between an analytical asymptotic approximation that loses accuracy in certain cases, and grid-based numerical solvers that must be rerun for every parameter set. This thesis investigates the application of a parametri

Threats and violence directed towards social workers have been recognised as a growing occupational issue within social work, both nationally and internationally. Previous research shows that social workers frequently encounter threatening situations in connection with the exercise of public authority and client interactions, which may affect both their work environment and professional practice.

The penal-welfare nexus examines new developments in the relationship between the welfare and penal systems. In this regard, in recent years it has been described a process of penalisation of the welfare system has been described, associated with the adoption of punitive conditionality, a specific type of conditionality system, based on principles of discipline and behavioural control, where the s

I och med elektrifieringen av energisektorn ställs höga krav på ökad inhemsk produktion av elektricitet i Sverige. På grund av den nuvarande fördelningen, där en stor del av produktionen sker i norra Sverige medan konsumtionen är koncentrerad till södra delarna av landet, är behovet extra stort i elområde 4 (SE4). Ett län som möter extra stora utmaningar är Skåne där självförsörjningsgraden för elThe current electrification of the energy sector puts high demands on increasing domestic electricity production in Sweden. This issue is enhanced by the current regional imbalance between supply and demand, while a major share of electricity generation is located in northern Sweden, consumption is concentrated in the south. Consequently, the need for new production is particularly great in electr

Bygg- och anläggningssektorn står idag för en betydande del av Sveriges totala klimatpåverkan. En del av denna påverkan uppstår i samband med hantering av schaktmassor. Samtidigt ökar kraven för en mer hållbar framtid och en cirkulär ekonomi vilket medför att nya lösningar inom masshanteringen behöver hittas. Syftet med studien är att undersöka vilka hinder och möjligheter som finns för ökad återThe construction sector today stands for a significant amount of Sweden’s total climate impact. One part of this impact arises in regard to excavated soil. At the same time, demands for a more sustainable future and circular economy increase which in turn means new solutions regarding soil management are required. The purpose of this study is to research which obstacles and opportunities there ar

This study aimed to examine perceived professional preparedness among social work students in their sixth and seventh semesters at Lund University, and to analyze statistical relationships between field placement supervision, students’ overall experiences of their field placement period, and professional preparedness. The study was conducted using a quantitative approach through a digital survey d

China employs approximately half of the world's coal workers while also implementing one of the world's largest decarbonization programs. This thesis examines how official policy discourse constructs the social costs of coal transition, focusing on how coal workers and transition-related burdens are framed, recognized, and governed in official policy texts. The study uses Critical Discours

In the context of increasing geopolitical tensions and the growing use of economic coercion in international relations, the European Union adopted (EU) Regulation 2023/2675 better known as the Anti-Coercion Instrument (ACI). This study analyses the political and legal developments that led to the adoption of the regulation, alongside its objectives, and its operational structure. It further examin

The thesis aims to characterize the scenario in which the non-locality of an entangled state shared between sequential observers can be recycled utilizing as few resources as possible. This is accomplished by stochastically combining standard projective measurements using locally generated randomness. Using an entangled two-qubit state, we analytically minimize the number of parameters necessary t

This study aimed to examine the attitudes of social work students at Lund University towards autism and schizophrenia, with a focus on differences between the two diagnoses and how educational level and prior experience may explain variations in attitudes. The method the study used was a cross-sectional survey design and was conducted at the School of Social Work at Lund University, Sweden. Data w

This study aimed to evaluate the permeation-enhancing properties of Coegin Pharma’s gel serum formulation on NPP-4, a peptide of interest for melanogenesis stimulation. A full-thickness reconstructed human skin model (MatTek EpiDermFT), comprising epidermis and dermis, was used to evaluate NPP-4 distribution in the gel serum vs a H2O reference vehicle. In parallel, methylene blue was used as a mod

Den svenska byggsektorn står för en betydande del av samhällets energianvändning och miljöpåverkan, varav installationer och uppvärmning står för majoriteten av energianvändningen. Ventilationssystem i våra bostäder behövs till vår hälsa, komfort och byggnadens hållbarhet men bidrar även till kontinuerliga energiförluster under byggnadens livslängd. För att minska dessa energiförluster och utsläppThe Swedish construction sector accounts för a significant share of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. Ventilation systems are necessary for indoor comfort and air quality but also contribute to continuous energy losses during a building´s lifetime. Proper insulation of ventilation ducts is therefore important to reduce both energy use and climate impact. The purpose of this study was to inv

This study aimed to examine how professionals describe the factors that motivate young adults to leave a criminal lifestyle. The purpose was also to examine how professionals across different institutions describe how they can support and motivate young adults as they leave crime behind. The method used in this study was six semi-structured interviews with professionals in the social work field wh

This study aims to explore the role of brand narratives in customer engagement using motivational dimensions in the digital context. Although previous studies have shown that narratives improve customers' responses, engagement is frequently considered as a one-dimensional outcome, ignoring the fact that it is multidimensional. To fill this gap, this study examines the effect of various feature

This thesis examines how insurance companies can adapt their sales channel strategies in response to an increasingly brokered SME segment in the Swedish property and casualty insurance market. It builds on the observation that brokers and intermediary-led ecosystems are gaining influence over customer relationships, distribution access, and value creation. While prior research has addressed insura

Stockout delay is an important component of lead time calculations in inventory control literature. This thesis presents a deep dive into the topic through a literature review, which is accompanied by a numerical study. This numerical study provides a comparison of available models along with a simulation model that looks at two different order fulfillment types: complete and partial. Based on the

This study aims to explore the importance of relations as a contributing factor to attendance-promoting work. It’s a qualitative semi-structured interview study that is based on the perspectives of seven professionals in different compulsory schools in southern Sweden. The professionals who were interviewed are two school counselors, one school psychologist, two special education teachers, and two

The seminal microbiome remains undercharacterised despite its potential role as a microbial reservoir influencing female partner reproductive health. This study applied Oxford Nanopore full-length 16S rRNA sequencing (V1–V9) with EMU v3.6.1 classification to characterise the seminal microbiome of 288 men enrolled in the couple-based Copenhagen Pregnancy Loss cohort. The seminal community was polym

Sedan 2018 har man sett en paradoxal utveckling på den svenska bostadsmarknaden där en fortsatt bostadsbrist samexisterar med ökande vakanser. Samtidigt som kötiderna till hyresrätter är långa och 24 av 26 kommuner i Storstockholm uppger att de har ett bostadsunderskott, är uthyrningsarbetet med nyproducerade lägenheter mer krävande än någonsin. Föreliggande studie syftar därav till att identifierSince 2018, the Swedish housing market has exhibited a paradoxical development in which a persistent housing shortage coexists with increasing vacancies. The simultaneous progression of these seemingly anti-correlated trends raises important questions regarding the functioning of the residential real estate sector. This thesis examines why the residential Swedish rental market continues to produce