Background: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common causes of acute abdominal pain. Differences in the management of this large group of patients has important consequences for the patients and the healthcare system. Controversies regarding the understanding of the natural course of the disease, the utility of new diagnostic methods, and alternative treatments have lead to large variations in

Compared to lake area and water level, lake storage capacity more intuitively reflects regional climate changes. In this study, we first derived lakebed elevation profiles for individual ICESat-2 tracks based on the underwater stratification of laser photons, then integrating all valid elevation tracks within the water body to interpolate the bathymetry. On this basis, we calculated the capacity a

I takt med att klimatförändringarna blir en allt mer akut fråga ökar efterfrågan på hållbara transportlösningar, särskilt i glesbygdsområden där alternativen ofta är begränsade. Denna uppsats undersöker potentialen för små eldrivna tåg – i storlek liknande bussar och drivna antingen av batterier eller bränsleceller – för användning på icke-elektrifierade järnvägslinjer på ett kostnadseffektivtThis thesis investigates the cost efficiency of two drivetrain configurations—Battery Only and Hydrogen-Battery—for use in mini-trains operating on non-electrified rural railways. The study focuses solely on drivetrain-related components, in cluding onboard energy storage, traction systems, and associated infrastructure such as charging stations and hydrogen refueling facilities. A comprehensive l

This study explores the designs and dynamics of past, present, and potential mediation and negotiation efforts to stop the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Applying insights from mediation and negotiation literature, the article explores three questions relating to negotiating peace in Ukraine: who is best positioned to negotiate or mediate such a process (who should be presented at the table), when s

Purpose: To compare the performance of targeted temperature management (TTM) at 33 °C using intravascular (IC) vs. surface-cooling (SFC) devices after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Methods: A post hoc analysis including OHCA patients randomized to hypothermia in the TTM2-trial (NCT02908308) comparing hypothermia with normothermia. The main outcome was cooling performance, defined as the p

This review summarises some of the key features of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) from a translational science point of view and brings insights into potential therapeutic options. Genetic predisposition and environmental factors like smoking, pollution and infections significantly impact the onset, progression and treatment response in ILDs, highlighting the need for personalised management. F

A large data set of new and previously published measurements of δ13C values derived from tooth enamel (n = 223, of which 93 are new) are compiled to explore patterns of foraging area preferences of Late Cretaceous mosasaurid squamates over evolutionary time scales (~93–66 Ma). Our results indicate that small-bodied halisaurines are restricted to a relatively nearshore range, overlapping the lower

Poly(oxindole biphenylene) was functionalized with tetrazole pendants and evaluated as base material for alkaline ion-solvating membranes for water electrolysis. The poly(oxindole biphenylene) parent polymer was obtained by superacid catalyzed polyhydroxyalkylation and subsequently functionalized by cyanoalkylation. The cyanoalkyl groups were thereafter converted to tetrazole pendants by a click t

Through biosilicification, organisms incorporate dissolved silica (dSi) and deposit it as biogenic silica (bSi), driving the silicon (Si) cycle in aquatic systems. While Si accumulation in marine picocyanobacteria has been recently observed, its mechanisms and ecological implications remain unclear. This study investigates biosilicification in marine and brackish picocyanobacteria of the Synechoco

Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) has been employed to examine the self-assembly behaviour of sodium 5-tetradecyl furan-2-sulfonate (STFS), an emerging anionic surfactant, in bulk dilute solutions. STFS was also studied in binary and ternary mixtures with a common non-ionic (hexaethylene glycol monododecyl ether, C12E6) and anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS) surfactant to explore the shape,

In this work we report the solvothermal synthesis of iron oxide and zinc oxide using a ternary eutectic mixture of choline chloride, urea and glycerol at three molar ratio of the components 1 : 1 : 1, 1 : 1.5 : 0.5 and 1 : 0.5 : 1.5. The synthesised iron oxide is nanocrystalline with a crystallite size of 67.5 ± 8.9 nm, however ZnO formed larger particles. Water and surfactants can be added to the

The power extracted by reverse electrodialysis (RED) is often limited by the high resistance of low concentration compartment. This work aims to address this issue by demonstrating a reverse electrodeionization (REDI) design that can facilitate the ion transport and alleviate so called spacer shadow effects. In total, three different stack designs were assembled by substituting the conventional sp

Recent experimental results by the surface force apparatus (SFA) have identified a dramatic deviation from previously established theories of simple electrolytes. This deviation, referred to as anomalous underscreening, suggests that the range of electrostatic interactions increase upon a further addition of salt, beyond some threshold concentration (usually about 1 M). In this theoretical work, w

Accurately mapping crop types in smallholder farming regions is crucial for monitoring crop dynamics and estimating production but remains challenging, especially over large extents. Remote sensing based crop mapping studies in smallholder farming regions often focus on major crops and the challenge of mapping small fields. However, minor but possibly emerging crops are often overlooked, nor is th

Ordered arrays of nanocrystals, called supercrystals, have attracted significant attention owing to the collective quantum effects arising from the coupling between neighboring nanocrystals. In particular, lead halide perovskite nanocrystals are widely used because of the combination of the optical properties and faceted cubic shape, which enables the formation of highly ordered supercrystals. The

Galectins are a family of carbohydrate-recognising proteins involved in regulation of cell adhesion and cell signaling, leading to roles in e.g. cancer progression, fibrosis, and ulcerative colitis. Glycomimetic galectin inhibitors based on different molecular scaffolds are known and have demonstrated effects from cell experiments to the clinic. Presented here is the synthesis and evaluation of 3-

Although financial stressors are implicated as risk factors for suicidal behavior, these associations might be confounded by other factors. Furthermore, a move toward high-risk subgroup definition is necessary. The authors used Swedish national registry data to examine the associations between receipt of social welfare, unemployment benefits, or early retirement (N = 627,745-2,260,753) with suicid