Pathogen-mediated balancing selection is commonly considered to play an important role in the maintenance of genetic diversity, in particular in immune genes. However, the factors that may influence which immune genes are the targets of such selection are largely unknown. To address this, here we focus on Pattern Recognition Receptor (PRR) signalling pathways, which play a key role in innate immun

This paper presents a topology optimization framework for designing periodic viscoplastic microstructures under finite deformation. To demonstrate the framework, microstructures with tailored macroscopic mechanical properties, e.g., maximum viscoplastic energy absorption and prescribed zero contraction, are designed. The simulated macroscopic properties are obtained via homogenization wherein the

We investigate the techniques and ideas used in Shefi and Teboulle (SIAM J Optim 24(1), 269–297, 2014) in the convergence analysis of two proximal ADMM algorithms for solving convex optimization problems involving compositions with linear operators. Besides this, we formulate a variant of the ADMM algorithm that is able to handle convex optimization problems involving an additional smooth function

BACKGROUND: Myocardial and coronary endothelial injury occurs in donor hearts due to warm ischemia during cardiac transplantation. Coronary endothelial structure and function play a critical role in long-term outcomes for patients after cardiac transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of hypoxia-induced warm ischemia (20 minutes) on coronary endothelial function of porcine donor hearts afte

I planetariet hittar du en omvälvande och fängslande värld. I detta digitala universum kan du undersöka enorma galaxer eller de minsta atomerna.At the planetarium you find an immersive world where one can travel across the universe, and examine bot the smallest atom and the largest galaxies.

Purpose: To study the relationships between absorbed dose to penile base structures and erectile dysfunction (ED) in patients treated with ultrahypofractionated (UHF) radiation therapy (RT) or conventionally fractionated (CF) RT for prostate cancer. Methods and Materials: This dose-response study comprises 673 patients (57%) of the 1180 per-protocol patients included in the HYPO-RT-PC trial (media

Background: It is unclear which radiotherapy technique and dose fractionation scheme is most effective in decreasing the risk of prostate cancer death. Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study among 15 164 men in the Prostate Cancer database Sweden (version 4.0) treated with primary radical radiotherapy for prostate cancer in Sweden from 1998 to 2016. We calculated hazard ratios with

This paper incorporates hyperelastic materials, nonlinear kinematics, and preloads in eigenfrequency constrained density–based topology optimization. The formulation allows for initial finite deformations and subsequent small harmonic oscillations. The optimization problem is solved by the method of moving asymptotes, and the gradients are calculated using the adjoint method. Both simple and degen

The problem investigated in this paper is the one of finding the optimal combination of inventory and options in a stationary multi-period problem with an infinite horizon. The research complements existing literature as it considers the combination of option and wholesale contracts. The paper show how the problem can be transformed to a combination of newsvendor type problems. This alternative in

Introduction: We investigated if uptake pattern on myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPS) in patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) is related to myocardial fibrosis, myocardial wall motion, and electrocardiography (ECG) characteristics. Methods: Twenty-three patients (9 women) with LBBB, examined with MPS and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), were included. Tracer uptake on MPS was classified by

Purpose: To report a favorable effect of intravitreal dexamethasone implantation in Familial Retinal Arterial Macroaneurysms (FRAM). Methods: Retrospective Case Report. Results: A 32-year-old male who presented with bilateral retinal macroaneurysms. Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) revealed a homozygous c.830–1 G > A mutation in Insulin Growth Factor Binding Protein 7 (IGFBP7) gene, confirming the dia

Heterozygous variants in the IKZF5 gene, encoding transcription factor Pegasus, were recently discovered to be causal of inherited thrombocytopenia (IT). We screened 90 patients suspected of inherited thrombocytopenia for variants in 101 genes associated with inherited bleeding disorders and report the clinical presentation of two Danish families with novel variants in IKZF5. Platelet ultrastructu

Purpose: Red meat consumption is positively associated with type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes. We investigated if red meat consumption increases the risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and T2D, and potential interaction with family history of diabetes (FHD), HLA and TCF7L2 genotypes. Methods: Analyses were based on Swedish case–control data comprising incident cases of LADA (n

Fires in waste facilities represent significant potential social, economic and environmental challenges. Although the awareness of fires in waste facilities and their consequences has increased in recent years, significant fire safety challenges remain. Fires in waste facilities in Norway and Sweden have been studied to make an overall fire safety assessment and propose measures for increased fire

It is increasingly common to describe academic research as a “publication game,” a metaphor that connotes instrumental strategies for publishing in highly rated journals. However, we suggest that the use of this metaphor is problematic. In particular, the metaphor allows scholars to make a convenient, but ultimately misleading, distinction between figurative game-playing on one hand (i.e. pursuing

Background: One of the most common adverse events during continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is hypothermia, reported to occur in over 4/10 cases. In turn, hypothermia is known to be associated with higher mortality rates among patients treated in intensive care units (ICU). The present study examined if a novel warming device in the current generation of CRRT systems could lower incidence

Background: Intensive rehabilitation is one of the most important aspects of care for people with stroke, and there is evidence that it leads to better recovery and higher levels of independence. However, pressure on resources in government funded secondary and primary healthcare settings means that for many people with stroke, intense rehabilitation is not available. Effective and efficient ways