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As a second major result we show how to combine the path cover technique with LCA solutions for dags with small depth [9]. Our algorithm attains the best known upper time bound for this problem of O(n 2.575). However, most notably, the algorithm performs better on a vast amount of input dags, i.e. dags that do not have an almost linear-sized subdag of extremely regular structure. Finally, we appl

At the end of the summer, drifting filamentous red algae cover shallow bottoms and accumulate in huge cast walls on the open shores of the non-tidal central Baltic Sea. The hypotheses that beach cleaning increases water clarity, decreases the organic content of the sand, and increases the species diversity in the shallow zone closest to the shore, were tested through field investigations and exper

The antral hormone gastrin is the key regulator of gastric acid secretion, mucosal growth and differentiation. Gastrin is synthesized in the endocrine G-cells in the antroduodenal mucosa. We have now examined the way in which the loss of gastrin alone or gastrin plus cholecystokinin (CCK) affects the antral G-cell. Immunohistochemistry, radioimmunoassay and quantitative real-time polymerase chain

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are pleiotropic secreted proteins, structurally related to transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and activins. BMPs play pivotal roles in the regulation of embryonic lung development and branching of airways and have recently been considered to influence inflammatory processes in adults due to their chemotactic activity on fibroblasts, myocytes, and inflammatory

Physical, psychological, and social features were assessed with standardized methods in 84 early RA patients followed prospectively for 2 years. During this time disease activity decreased, and disability evaluated by HAQ remained small. Psychological distress measured by SCL-90 (Symptom Check List) was in general not very pronounced and fairly stable over time. A high pain level at baseline provi

The mechanism of action for the anti-arthritic effect of methotrexate (MTX) was investigated in rats with antigen-induced arthritis (AIA). Arthritis intensity was quantified as area under the curve (AUC) for the joint swelling. The response to MTX was in several respects similar to what is seen in the clinic. The drug reduced the AUC in a dose-dependent manner after oral weekly (2-4 mg/kg/week) or

The problem addressed in this text is the problem of identifying conditions according to which it is possible to distinguish between a descriptive theory and a normative theory. What makes a descriptive theory descriptive and a normative theory normative? Focus is on subjective expected utility theories where it seems open to debate whether the appropriate use is normative or descriptive. My discu

We report the isolation and characterization of a cDNA encoding the mitochondrial short chain DELTA-3,DELTA-2-enoyl-CoA isomerase from rat liver. Tryptic fragments of the purified protein were generated, purified, and sequenced. A rat liver cDNA library, constructed in the plasmid vector pUEX1 was screened with oligonucleotides synthesized on the basis of peptide sequences. The obtained clone cont

Objectives. To compare, in a prospective randomized multicenter study, the efficacy and safety of transurethral microwave thermotherapy with Prostalund Feedback Treatment (PLFT), using the CoreTherm device, with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) 36 months after treatment. Methods. The study was conducted at 10 centers in the United States and Scandinavia. A total of 154 patients with

We develop a new formulation of polymer self-consistent field theory for polydisperse copolymer fluids satisfying the Schulz-Flory distribution. The result we obtain is remarkably simple and quickly solved numerically. The computational effort scales inversely with the width of the Schulz-Flory distribution. This suggests a significant saving in computational effort when compared with existing app

Stable isotopes have been used to analyse food webs and (or) trace movements of animals for about 30 years. There has been some debate on the use of different tissues and treatments before isotope analysis, as well as on seasonal effects. We found different crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) tissues (muscle, hepatopancreas, exoskeleton, gill, and whole body) to have different isotope values. Lipi

Chicks of obligate brood parasites employ a variety of morphological and behavioral strategies to outcompete nest mates. Elevated competitiveness is favored by natural selection because parasitic chicks are not related to their host parents or nest mates. When chicks of conspecific brood parasites (CBPs) are unrelated to their hosts, they and their parents would also benefit from traits that enhan

Human myxoid liposarcoma contains a characteristic t(12;16) chromosomal translocation that results in fusion of the N-terminal domain of the translocated in liposarcoma (TLS) protein to the C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). TLS possesses structural motifs that suggest it may participate in RNA processing. We demonstrate that in human myxoid liposarcoma cells, wild-type TLS binds to RNA polymerase I

New palaeomagnetic results for the 935 Ma Goteborg-Slussen mafic dykes in southern Sweden provide a well-dated high-quality palaeomagnetic pole for Early Neoproterozoic Baltica. New U-Pb geochronological data for several palaeomagnetically studied mafic intrusions yield three additional well-dated palaeopoles and one virtual geomagnetic pole. This set of dated poles suggests minimal drift of Balti

BACKGROUND: Maternal use of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) has recently been associated with an increased risk for certain malformations. METHODS: Using the Swedish Medical Birth Register, we identified women who had reported the use of SSRIs in early pregnancy and studied their infants, born between July 1, 1995 and the end of 2004. Congenital malformations were identified from

This perspective discusses multi-functional biomass production systems, which are located, designed, integrated and managed so as to provide specific environmental services, in addition to biomass supply. Besides discussing the general concept and outlining a range of different possible applications, we present in somewhat more detail specific applications of such systems for the cases of Sweden a

The enzymatic activity of tyrosinase was studied both in aqueous and organic media. In the latter case tyrosinase was entrapped in a system of reverse micelles of Aerosol OT in octane. At hydration degree 25, when the inner cavity of the reverse micelles was comparable with the size of a tetrameric tyrosinase form known for aqueous solutions, an optimum level of catalytic activity was observed. An

Purpose: The goal of the present study was to investigate the relationship between sleep, hypothalamic pathology, and seizures in spontaneous epileptic rats. Methods: Rats were implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters for measuring electrocorticogram (ECoG) and stimulation electrodes in the hippocampus. Epileptogenesis was triggered by 2 h of electical stimulation-induced self-sustained status e

A strategy is presented for evaluation of treatment procedures for landfill leachate with emphasis on organic pollutants. An analytical scheme, the LAQUA protocol, was developed as a guide for the analytical work. The protocol includes organic as well as metals,. inorganic ions, water-quality parameters, and toxicity. The proposed strategy considers the behaviour of both polar and non-polar organi

Objective. To analyze the genetic impact of allelic variants of the protein tyrosine phosphatase N22 (PTPN22) and HLA-DRB1 alleles on IgG autoantibody formation directed toward an immunodominant conformational epitope (C1(III); amino acid residues 359-369) of type 11 collagen (CII) in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods. Sera obtained at study inclusion from an inception cohort of RA patients