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BACKGROUND: Neurological disorders are increasingly recognised as major causes of death and disability worldwide. The aim of this analysis from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 is to provide the most comprehensive and up-to-date estimates of the global, regional, and national burden from neurological disorders.METHODS: We estimated prevalence, incidence, d
Background: Astrocytes produce and store the energy reserve glycogen. However, abnormal large glycogen units accumulate if the production or degradation of glycogen is disturbed, a finding often seen in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). We have shown increased activity of glycogen degrading α-amylase in AD patients and α-amylase positive glial cells adjacent to AD characteristic amyloid-β (A
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to develop a theory of enterprise risk management (ERM). Design/methodology/approach: The method is to develop a theory for ERM based on identifying the general risk management problems that it is supposed to solve and to apply the principle of deduction based on these premises. Findings: ERM consists of risk governance, which is a set of mechanisms that deals
Background: Continuous monitoring of intracranial pressure (ICP) was introduced in the 1950s. For correct ICP recordings, the zero-reference point for the external pressure gauge must be placed next to a head anatomical structure. We evaluated different anatomical points as zero reference for the ICP device at different head positions and their relation to brain centre (BC), foramen of Monro (Monr
This teaching case of improved dementia care is mainly targeting employees in the health and care sector, decision-makers or students who study medicine and/or care at universities. The case is available in two versions and has one teaching instruction. Version A1 is adapted to practitioners working in dementia care and is a "clean" description of a success case. Version A2 is targeting students.
Lysozyme is known to form equilibrium clusters at pH ≈ 7.8 and at low ionic strength as a result of a mixed potential. While this cluster formation and the related dynamic and static structure factors have been extensively investigated, its consequences on the macroscopic dynamic behavior expressed by the zero shear viscosity η
Enander and Jörntell record spike responses in neocortical neurons in primary somatosensory cortex provided with tactile inputs from non-adjacent digits. Regardless of whether the neurons were located in specific digit-dominated subregions, each neuron decoded the tactile inputs from either digit as well as the input location.
We studied the implementation of banking regulation in Sweden from the origin of the commercial banking system until the important Banking Act of 1911. We also looked at the effects of these regulations. We found that regulations were often influenced by banker interests rather than by macroeconomic rationale, to the extent that banking legislation was an endogenous part of the banking business. R
Agriculture is widely recognized as critical to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), but researchers, policymakers, and practitioners have multiple, often conflicting yet poorly documented priorities on how agriculture could or should support achieving the SDGs. Here, we assess consensus and divergence in priorities for agricultural systems among research, policy, and practice persp
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymers and PEG-conjugated lipids are widely used in bioengineering and drug transport applications. A PEG layer in a drug carrier increases hydrophilic repulsion, inhibits membrane fusion and serum opsonin interactions, and prolongs the storage and circulation time. It can also change the carrier shape and have an influence on many properties related to the content re
Epilepsy is one of the most devastating neurological diseases and despite significant efforts there is no cure available. Occurrence of spontaneous seizures in epilepsy is preceded by numerous functional and structural pathophysiological reorganizations in the brain-a process called epileptogenesis. Treatment strategies targeting this process may be efficient for preventing spontaneous recurrent s
This article explores middle managers in the professions from their position in the sandwiched middle. Based upon interviews with senior academics in management roles and their subordinates in UK business schools, we investigate this experienced middle through a metaphor that informs one particular subject position: to be an umbrella carrier. This position entails protecting subordinates from what
The shortest light pulses produced to date are of the order of a few tens of attoseconds, with central frequencies in the extreme UV range and bandwidths exceeding tens of electronvolts. They are often produced as a train of pulses separated by half the driving laser period, leading in the frequency domain to a spectrum of high, odd-order harmonics. As light pulses become shorter and more spectral
The objective is to estimate the number of deaths attributable to cardiovascular diseases and diet-related cancers that could be prevented or delayed in Sweden if adults adhere to the official dietary recommendations. We used an age-group and sex-specific epidemiological macro-simulation model to estimate preventable deaths due to the discrepancies between actual intake and recommended intake of c
The ability to repair or promote regeneration within the adult human brain has been envisioned for decades. Until recently, such efforts mainly involved delivery of growth factors and cell transplants designed to rescue or replace a specific population of neurons, and the results have largely been disappointing. New approaches using stem-cell-derived cell products and direct cell reprogramming hav
Above 6 GHz, radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure from the mobile communication user equipment (UE) should be assessed in terms of incident power density, rather than specific absorption rate as below 6 GHz. Such regulatory RF EMF restrictions will constrain the transmit power of the UE and its peak equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP). This paper provides an analysi
Halide perovskites have continued to rise as attractive light absorber materials, mainly driven by their potential wide applications in the fields of solar cells, photodetectors, lasers and others. However, Pb-containing perovskites are poisonous and could cause serious potential problems to our environment. Thus, there is a strong desire t
