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The present study aims to investigate how gender stereotypes affect people's gender attribution to social robots. To this end, we examined whether a robot can be assigned a gender depending on a performed action. The study consists of 3 stages. In the first stage, we determined masculine and feminine actions by a survey conducted with 54 participants. In the second stage, we selected a gender-neut
The new evil demon problem amounts to a difficult challenge for the externalist about epistemic justification. Many solutions to the problem have been proffered in the almost 40 years since its first appearance in the literature. Among the more promising responses is indexical reliabilism, a combination of two versions of actual world reliabilism where “actual” denotes either the world of utteranc
The notion of a language norm is far from clear. Lacking a conclusive explication, one may wonder what language studies are actually studying. Is it the experience of speakers? Is it their brains? Is it their behavior? Is it the product of expert intuitions? Even within linguistics the views seem scattered on this point, and no consensus has been reached on what the object of study in linguistics
In this article I discuss two counterexamples (the New Evil Demon Problem and Norman‘s Clairvoyance) to reliabilism and a potential solution: dispositional reliabilism. The latter is a recent addition to the many already-existing varieties of reliabilism and faces some serious problems of its own. I argue here that these problems are surmountable. The resulting central argument of the article aims
This paper presents a novel method to access lived religion and magical practices of a Medieval congregation via sermons combined with material culture. Previously, scholars have dismissed sermons as having low ‘truth value’ due to the copying inherent in the genre. In this paper, I first examine how one Danish sermon was adapted from a German model to fit a local context. This adaptation reveals
Bridging the pressure gap between surface science studies and industrial processes requires a combination of well-studied reactions, model systems as catalysts, and advanced techniques capable of detecting structural changes under realistic pressure conditions. Observations from such studies provide helpful insight into the present phases of the gas-surface boundary and transitions that happen dur
The Horometer instrument in Peter Apian's 1533 Instrument Buch is described and analyzed. This paper is illustrated by several examples of how to manipulate and set up the instrument using the Sun, the Moon and stars to determine time. The paper also contains an Appendix on the mathematics behind its construction.
What's in the Syringe? offers a succinct overview of the psychological skills of outpatient palliative care, teaching clinicians how to help patients live well and acknowledge end of life as patients meet five challenges of serious illness. It explores how to help patients develop prognostic awareness, through which they pair hopes and worries and see themselves with clarity and empathy. The book
Palliative care has been shown to help patients live well with serious illness, but the specific psychological factors that contribute to this benefit remain investigational. Although support of patient coping has emerged as a likely factor, it is unclear how palliative care helps patients to cope with serious illness. The therapeutic relationship has been proposed as a key element in beneficial p
With the palliative care workforce shortage and changes in advance care planning reimbursement, many institutions are requesting that palliative care specialists provide serious illness communication training across their institution's workforce. Based on our experience training clinicians to use the Partners Serious Illness Conversation Guide, a structured guide to teach basic palliative care com
BACKGROUND: The communication process of preparing patients and families facing progressive neurodegenerative diseases for future illness has not been empirically elucidated; the goal of this qualitative study was to explore neurology interdisciplinary health professionals' communication experiences, including current approaches, facilitators, and challenges.METHODS: Three focus groups were conduc
CONTEXT: Although the importance of palliative care (PC) integration in the emergency department (ED) has long been recognized, few formalized programs have been reported, and none have evaluated the experience of ED clinicians with embedded PC.OBJECTIVES: We evaluate the experience of ED clinicians with embedded PC in the ED during the coronavirus disease pandemic.METHODS: ED clinicians completed
Background: Understanding patients' goals and values is important to ensure goal-concordant care; however, such discussions can be challenging. Little is known about the impact of having these discussions on hospitalists. Objective: To assess the impact on hospitalists of a system that reminds them to have serious illness conversations with their patients identified with potential unmet palliative
Building permit processes serve as crucial gatekeepers for urban development, regulating compliance with building codes, land use policies, and safety and environmental standards. However, their complexity can lead to inefficiencies and hinder economic growth. While existing studies have made significant contributions to building permit process research, they often focus on individual countries or
The tazkera (national ID) is Afghanistan’s most important identity document and necessary to receive a variety of government services (e.g. education), employment, or even other identity documents such as passports or driver’s licenses. While the most commonly held identification by Afghans, certain groups own tazkeras far less than do others, especially women and rural, displaced and nomadic popu
