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Universities have become important components of the national innovation systems in innovation driven economies. To strengthen the university related flow of mainly technological knowledge into commercialized products many European countries have followed the American example and changed from an inventor-ownership system to a university-owned system (Genua & Rossi, 2011). Today most European c

BACKGROUND: Reduced forced expiratory volume (FEV(1)) and forced vital capacity (FVC) are risk factors for myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. However, the relationship with incidence of heart failure (HF) is incompletely known. This population-based study explored whether reduced FEV(1) or FVC is associated with the incidence of hospitalisation for HF. METHODS: 20 998 men (mean age 43 years) w

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling controls axis formation during endoderm development. Studies in lower vertebrates have demonstrated that FGF2 primarily patterns the ventral foregut endoderm into liver and lung, whereas FGF4 exhibits broad anterior-posterior and left-right patterning activities. Furthermore, an inductive role of FGF2 during dorsal pancreas formation has been shown. However

Although brain tumors are classified and treated based upon their histology, the molecular factors involved in the development of various tumor types remain unknown. In this study, we show that the type and order of genetic events directs the development of gliomas, central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumors, and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid-like tumors from postnatal mouse neural stem/

PURPOSES: To describe the differential tissue expression of tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) in normal bladder urothelium, primary urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) and metastatic UCB and to assess the association of TATI expression with molecular markers commonly altered in UCB and clinical outcomes after radical cystectomy. METHODS: Slides from eight cystectomy patients without

Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a fatal disease diagnosed through metastases. It shows intriguing familial clustering with certain defined primary cancers. Here we examine whether metastatic location in CUP patients is related to primary non-CUP cancers in relatives based on the Swedish Cancer Registry. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for CUP patients defined by metastatic

Background: There is a circadian and circaseptal (weekly) variation in the onset of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The aim of this study was to elucidate whether the likelihood of ACS among emergency department (ED) chest pain patients varies with the time of presentation. Methods: All patients presenting to the Lund ED at Skåne University Hospital with chest pain or discomfort during 2006 and 20

A discussion of the different and often conflicting demands on the documentation of documents posed by material bibliography and immaterial textual criticism.

Inflammation influences several steps of adult neurogenesis, but whether it regulates the functional integration of the new neurons is unknown. Here, we explored, using confocal microscopy and whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, whether a chronic inflammatory environment affects the morphological and electrophysiological properties of new dentate gyrus granule cells, labeled with a retroviral vecto

RATIONALE: Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin (TSLP) is considered a hub cytokine that activates dendritic cells and T-cells producing asthma-like Th(2)-inflammation. Viral stimuli, a major cause of asthma exacerbations, have been shown to induce overexpression of TSLP in asthmatic epithelium. Capsazepine has multiple effects and is of interest because it relaxes human small airways. Here we have explor

The Image of Sweden abroad usually comes with positive connotations. Some of Sweden’s perceived strengths, e.g. being open, authentic, caring, and innovative, are represented in the Strategy for the Image of Sweden (2013). However, changing circumstances, such as the implementation of internal border controls as a result of the migration crisis beginning in autumn 2015, along with a changing polit

The enunciation of the principle of equality and non-discrimination is of fundamental source in international human rights laws and EU-law and has a prominent place in the Icelandic constitution. The principles of equality and non-discrimination are based on various legal concepts that have evolved mainly in international and regional human rights or equality jurisprudence. International legal pro

Uppsatsen undersöker lämpligheten att införa storskalig miljöförstöring, i form av ekocid, som ett femte internationellt brott i Romstadgan för internationella brottmålsdomstolen som antogs i Rom 1998. Undersökningen görs i förhållande till Romstadgans syfte och målsättning och i förhållande till de brott som utgör kärnan av Romstadgan. Kärnbrotten utgörs av folkmord, brott mot mänskligheten, krigThis essay examines the possibility to make environmental destruction an international crime by including ecocide as a fifth crime against peace in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court adopted in Rome in 1998. The issue is examinated in relation to the purpose and objective of the Statue and in relations to the core crimes. The core crimes; crime of genocide, crimes against humanit

Att återkalla ett permanent uppehållstillstånd är ett mycket ingripande beslut som kan påverka den enskildes trygghet. Av den anledningen ska den en-skildes trygghet och stabilitet alltid beaktas när ett sådant beslut fattas. Konsekvenserna av att återkalla ett permanent uppehållstillstånd kan vara att personen inte längre har rätt att resa in i Sverige utan visum och att personen inte längre är fRevoking a permanent residence permit is a highly intrusive decision that can affect the individual's security. For this reason, the individual's security and stability should always be taken into account when making such a deci-sion. The consequences of revoking a permanent residence permit may in-clude the person no longer having the right to enter Sweden without a visa and no longer bei

Vattenkraft är den dominerande källan till elektricitet i Sverige, med ett bidrag på 45% av den nationella produktionen. Samtidigt som vattenkraften är avgörande för utfasningen av fossila bränslen och för klimatmålen, är dess miljöpåverkan på den biologiska mångfalden i sötvatten oroande. I denna fallstudie av ett vattenkraftverk i Helge å, var syftet att hitta ett lämpligt flöde för reproduktionHydropower is the dominant source of electricity in Sweden, constituting 45% of the national supply. While pivotal for decarbonization and climate goals, its environmental impact on freshwater biodiversity is concerning. In this case study of a hydropower plant in Helge River, Sweden, the aim was to find a flow suitable for trout (Salmo trutta) and salmon (Salmo salar) reproduction. A terrain mode